اقای دکتر هوشیار
رزیدنت بیمارستان لقمان
Hematuria
Glomerular
arly-morning periorbital
puffiness
•weight
gain
•oliguria,
•
the presence of dark-colored urine, and edema or
hypertension
•painless
•joint
pains
•skin
rashes
prolonged
fever
Non glomerural
•history
of passage of clots in urine
•fever
•
abdominal pain
•
dysuria, frequency, and enuresis
•recent
trauma to the abdomen
GLOMERULAR
HEMATURIA
Isolated Renal Disease
•IgA
nephropathy (Berger disease)
•Alport
syndrome (hereditary nephritis)
•Thin
glomerular basement membrane nephropathy
•Postinfectious
GN (poststreptococcal GN)
•Membranous
nephropathy
• Membranoproliferative
GN
• Focal
segmental glomerulosclerosis
• Antiglomerular
basement membrane disease
GLOMERULAR
HEMATURIA
Multisystem Disease
•Systemic
lupus erythematosus nephritis
•
Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis
• Wegener
granulomatosis
•Polyarteritis
nodosa
•Goodpasture
syndrome
•Hemolytic-uremic
syndrome
•Sickle
cell glomerulopathy
• HIV
nephropathy
Hematuria with familial association
Glomerular
- Benign Familial Hematuria ( Thin Membrane
Disease )
- Alport syndrome
Non-glomerular
- Idiopathic Hypercalciuria
- Polycystic Kidney Disease
- Urolithiasis
- Tumors
Alport Syndrome
Its
classically X-linked form, suggested by hematuria in a
male.
Positive family history of hematuria, deafness, and
renal failure.
Abnormal collagen IV composition.
Alport syndrome
- hereditary disorder of GBM
X-linked
dominant
Autosomal
recessive
Autosomal
dominant
Hearing defects
Sensorineural
bilateral
Never
congenital
Boys-
85% . Girls – 18% < 15y
Progression
of hearing loss parallels renal impairment
Diagnosis of Alport syndrome
Hematuria
with or without proteinuria
Hypertension
Renal
failure
Ocular
defects – anterior lenticonus
Familial
hematuria
Sensorineural
hearing loss
Progression
to renal failure occurring in at least one
affected subject
ANCA-associated” Disorders
•Wegener
granulomatosis
•
Microscopic polyangiitis
•
Churg-Strauss syndrome
Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) and
microscopic polyangiitis (MPA)
•WG
and MPA are related systemic vasculitides
•Both
are associated with (ANCA) and have similar
features on renal histology(a focal
necrotizing, pauci-immuneglomerulonephritis
that is characterized by necrotizing
glomerulonephritis with little or no deposition
of immunoreactants (IgG, IgM, IgA, and
complement components).
•Approximately 90 to 95 percent of patients with
active, generalized WG are ANCA-positive
•WG patients with ANCA, 80
to 90 percent, have PR3-ANCA(C-ANCA),and the
remaining patients have MPO-ANCA(P-ANCA)
•Dual positivity for both PR3- and MPO-ANCA may
rarely
•Approximately 70 percent of patients with MPA
are ANCA-positive. In contrast to WG, most ANCA-positive
MPA patients have P-ANCA, with a minority having
C-ANCA.